ID Number		963
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		Millimeter (mm) wave exposure (e.g., 61 GHz CW) of mice and analysis of nervous system effects (e.g., behavior, learning, pain, etc.).
Details		Balb/C mice (n >70) were exposed to 61.22 GHz (CW) mm waves for 15 minutes at SARs of up to 164 W/kg at the paw using a custom built exposure system with a restraint device and a Russian made G4-142 signal generator. Tail flick response in the mice was conducted by immersing the tail to half its length in ice water. Millimeter wave exposure to the paw of ~16 W/kg or greater increased the time to tail withdrawal by the mice by 2 fold. Injection i.p. with 1 mg/kg naloxone abolished this effect. In earlier studies, an itching response was induced in mice by s.c. injection with N-methyl-p-methoxyphenethylamine with formaldehyde. Millimeter wave exposure was carried out immediately after injections using the above exposure apparatus for 15 minutes at SARs of ~164 W/kg. Exposure resulted in a steady state temperature increase of 1.6 C within 3 minutes. Exposure resulted in a 2-fold decrease in the occurance of scratching behavior, with the greatest effect early on at the beginning of the scratch observation period, shortly after the cessation of the mm wave exposure. The mm wave effect was reversed by naloxone treatment. The authors conclude the antinociceptive effects of mm wave exposure are mediated through endogenous opioids. Other studies looked at analgesic effects of 61 GHz mm waves to the nose, footpad, and back in combination with cold water tail flick response. The authors report the most analgesic effects occured with mm wave exposure to densely innervated skin areas, and hypothesise an analgesic effect.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Temple University, Philadelphia PA, USA - ziskin@temple.edu
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		UNITED STATES
References		Radzievsky, AA et al. Life Sciences, (2001) 68:1143-1151 Radzievsky, AA et al. Life Sciences, (2000) 66:2101-2111 Alekseev, SI et al. Bioelectromagnetics. , (2010) 31:180.-190. Radzievsky, AA et al. Anesth Analg. , (1999) 88:836-840 Radzievsky, AA et al. Bioelectromagnetics. , (2008) 29:284-295 Radzievsky, A et al. IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., (2004) 32:1634-1643 Radzievsky, AA et al. Life Sci., (2002) 71:1763-1770 Radzievsky, A et al. Bioelectromagnetics., (2004) 25:466-473 Rojavin, MA et al. Life Sci., (1998) 63:251-257 Rojavin, MA et al. Int. J. Radiat. Biol., (2000) 76:575-579
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