ID Number		817
Study Type		In Vitro
Model		18.75, 37 GHz (CW) exposure to cultured cells and analysis of membrane permeability and chromatin condensation.
Details		Human buccal epithelial cells were isolated and exposed to 18.75 or 37 GHz (CW) MW at 0.2 mW/cm2 for 1, 5, 13, 30, or 60 seconds. Exposure at both frequencies resulted in a significantly decreased electric charge of cell nuclei and increased staining with indigo carmine indicating increased membrane permeability. A series of comments by Foster (citation 1384) and responses by the authors (citation 1387,1442). A subsequent study by the authors reported 35 GHz exposure at a power density of 30 microW/cm2 was more effective at permeablizing the cell membrane and condensing chromatin when linearly polarized than when circularly polarized.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		National Acad. Sci. Ukraine
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		UKRAINE
References		Shckorbatov, YG et al. Int J Rad Biol, (2009) 85:322-329 Shckorbatov, YG et al. Bioelectromagnetics, (1998) 19:414-419 Foster, KR Bioelectromagnetics, (2000) 21:21-21 Shckorbatov, YG Bioelectromagnetics, (2000) 21:326-327 Shckorbatov, YG Bioelectromagnetics, (2000) 21:483-483 Shckorbatov, YG et al. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B., (2010) 11:801-805 Shckorbatov, YG et al. Electrophoresis., (2002) 23:2074-2079
Comments		Although the average field intensity was 0.2 mW/cm2, the exposure system was not characterized or detailed, and the possibility of "hot spots" cannot even be evaluated.