ID Number		503
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		2450 MHz (PW) exposure to monkeys and analysis of blood-vitreous humor (iris and corneal endothelial) permeability
Details		Rhesus and Cynomolgus monkeys were exposed to 2450 MHz (PW-10 usec, 100 pps) microwaves 4 hr/day for 3 days at SARs of up to 3.9 W/kg. Iris endothelial permeability (measured by fluorescein iris angiography) and corneal endothelial changes increased following microwave exposure at 3.9 W/kg. These effects were also increased with microwave exposure at 0.26 W/kg if exposure was performed in combination with the glaucoma drugs timolol and pilocarpine. Intraocular temperatures during these studies were not recorded, and temperature effects cannot be ruled out. The authors suggest production of free radicals may have increased vascular permeability of the iris, resulting in leakage of serum protein into the aqueous humor which causes production of additional free radicals and consequent corneal endothelial cell damage over the following 24 hr.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Johns Hopkins University, USA
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		UNITED STATES
References		Kues, HA et al. Bioelectromagnetics, (1985) 6:177-188 Lim, JI et al. Retina, (1993) 13:230-233 Kues, HA et al. Johns Hopkins APL Digest, (1992) 13:244-255 Kues, HA et al. Bioelectromagnetics, (1992) 13:379-393 Kues, HA et al. Bioelectromagnetics., (1999) 20:463-473
Comments		Intraocular temperatures during these studies were not recorded, and temperature effects cannot be ruled out. Further, attempts to replicate these studies at Brooks AFB by D'Andrea (study #194) have so far been unsuccessful, and it is thought to be due to the lack of high peak pulse rise time in the MW signal used by D'Andrea that was used in the Kues et al study.