ID Number		2655
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		The aim of our study was to evaluate possible effects of chronic exposure to 900 - 1900 MHz radiations emitted from 2G cell phone on the testis of mice at the histological level.
Details		AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Mugunthan et al. 2016 (IEEE #6559): Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate possible effects of chronic exposure to 900 - 1900 MHz radiations emitted from 2G cell phone on the testis of mice at the histological level. Methods: Mice were exposed to 2G ultra-high frequency radiation, 48 minutes per day for a period of 30 to 180 days. The amount of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposed was calculated by the radiation frequency meter. The sham control mice were exposed to similar conditions without 2G exposure. Each animals weight was recorded before sacrifice. Three animals each were sacrificed at the end of 30, 60, 90,120,150 and 180 days of exposure in the experimental group after 24 hours of last exposure. Same numbers of control animals were sacrificed on similar period. We collected blood samples to measure plasma testosterone. We measured and analyzed the size, weight and volume of the testis. Testis sections were analyzed under the light microscope for structural changes. Results: In 2G exposed group animal weight was lower at first, second and fourth month (p value d0.05). The mean testis weight of 2G exposed mice was significantly reduced in all months except fourth month (p value <0.05) and the mean testis volume was significantly reduced in the first three months (p value 0.02).The mean seminiferous tubule density per unit area was significantly lower (p value <0.001) in the 2G exposed testis. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter was significantly reduced in 2G exposed testis (p value is highly significant <0.001) except the second month. The mean number of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells were significantly reduced in 2G radiation exposed mice (p value is highly significant <0.001). While compared with control group, mean serum testosterone level of 2G exposed mice were significantly lower (p value 0.004). The following microscopic changes were found in the testis of 2G cell phone radiation exposed mice. 1. The interstitium appeared wide 2. Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were detached from the basal lamina. 3. Vacuolar degeneration and desquamation of seminiferous epithelium. Most of the peripheral tubules showed maturation arrest in the spermatogenesis. Seminiferous tubules scored between 8 and 9 using Johnson testicular biopsy score count. Conclusion: Chronic exposure to ultra-high frequency radiation emitted from a 2G cell phone could cause microscopic changes in the seminiferous tubules, reduction in the number of Sertoli and Leydig cells and decreased serum testosterone level. Long term use of cell phones could cause male infertility.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Mahatma Gandhi Med College and Res Inst, Puducherr
Funding Agency		?????
Country		INDIA
References		Mugunthan, N et al. International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR)., (2014) 3:523-529
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