ID Number		2525
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		Investigation of short-term and relatively long-term effects of 2100-MHz fields on rats (nasal septal mucosa, mucociliary clearance, thyroid and skin).
Details		AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Aydogan et al. 2015 (IEEE #6189): BACKGROUND: Nasal mucociliary clearance has an important role in voiding the airways from inhaled foreign substances. This activity could be disturbed by environmental factors such as radiofrequency radiation. The aim of the present study was to investigate short-term and relatively long-term effects of 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted by a generator, simulating a 3G-mobile phone, on the nasal septal mucosa and mucociliary clearance in rats. METHODS: Thirty Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups. There were 6 rats in Group A and Group B, which served as the control groups (10-day and 40-day groups, respectively). Groups C (10-day exposure) and D (40-day exposure) were both composed of 9 rats; they comprised the radiofrequency radiation exposure groups. The rats in groups C and D were exposed to 2100-MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted by a generator, simulating a 3G-mobile phone, 6 hours/day, for 10 or 40 days, respectively. After exposure, nasal mucociliary clearance was measured by rhinoscintigraphy. After euthanization, the nasal septa of the animals were removed, and tissue samples of the nasal mucosa were examined using a transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: The differences in mucociliary clearances between groups A and C, groups B and D, and groups C and D were found to be statistically significant (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). Although there were no histopathological abnormalities in the control groups, the exposure groups showed a number of degenerated and apoptotic cells, ciliary disorganization and ciliary loss in the epithelial cells, epithelial metaplasia, alteration of normal chromatin distribution and karyolysis in nuclei, changes in the basal cells, and lymphocytic infiltration. The histopathological changes were more severe in group D. CONCLUSION: Radiofrequency radiation at 2100 MHz damaged the nasal septal mucosa, and disturbed the mucociliary clearance. Ciliary disorganization and ciliary loss in the epithelial cells resulted in deterioration of nasal mucociliary clearance. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Tuncal, Seyhan et al. 2016 (IEEE #6477): Background: The study aims to reveal the effect of 2100 MHz radio frequency radiation (RF) on thyroid tissues of the rats in early and late groups. Material and Method: In this study, 30 healthy female Wistar albino rats, weighting 200 to 256 g each were used. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (groups E1, E2, G1, G2). Groups E2 and G2 served as the control groups. The exposure groups were exposed to 2100 MHz radio frequency radiation emitted by a generator, simulating a 3G-mobile phone for six hours/day, five consecutive days/week, at the same time of the day (between 9 am - 3 pm), for 10 days (group E1) and 40 days (group G1). Results: Catalase and xanthine oxidase enzyme activities were compared between the groups E1 and E2, it was found that the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Between the groups G-1 and G-2 the difference was found to be significant with respect to catalase activities. The early and late groups tissue samples showed no serious pathological findings in the histo-pathological examination. Conclusion: We believe that comprehensive, clinical and experimental studies, are needed to assess how effective the radio frequency (RF) exposure duration and dosage of exposure on thyroid tissues.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Ministry of Health Ankara Training and Research H
Funding Agency		?????
Country		TURKEY
References		Aydogan, F et al. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol., (2015) 5:626-632 Tuncal, S et al. West Indian Med J., (2016) Epub ahead of print:doi: 10.7727/wimj.2015.104.- Cam, ST et al. Cell biochemistry and biophysics., (2014) 70:643-649
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