ID Number		2285
Study Type		Engineering & Physics
Model		NMR used to measure temperature rise in brain tissue exposed to cell phone RF emissions.
Details		AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Gultekin and Moeller 2012 (IEEE# 5216): A method is described for measuring absorbed electromagnetic energy radiated from cell phone antennae into ex vivo brain tissue. NMR images the 3D thermal dynamics inside ex vivo bovine brain tissue and equivalent gel under exposure to power and irradiation time-varying radio frequency (RF) fields. The absorbed RF energy in brain tissue converts into Joule heat and affects the nuclear magnetic shielding and the Larmor precession. The resultant temperature increase is measured by the resonance frequency shift of hydrogen protons in brain tissue. This proposed application of NMR thermometry offers sufficient spatial and temporal resolution to characterize the hot spots from absorbed cell phone radiation in aqueous media and biological tissues. Specific absorption rate measurements averaged over 1 mg and 10 s in the brain tissue cover the total absorption volume. Reference measurements with fiber optic temperature sensors confirm the accuracy of the NMR thermometry.
Findings		Effects (only at thermal levels)
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator
Funding Agency		(vacant)
Country		UNITED STATES
References		Gultekin, DH et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A., (2013) 110:58-63
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