ID Number		2142
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		Exposure oF rabbits (1800 MHz), rats (2100 MHz) and mice (900 MHz) and analysis of oxidative stress endpoints (MDA, DNA damage, etc).
Details		New Zealand White rabbits (n = 18 pregnant, 18 non-pregnant) were exposed to 1800 MHz (GSM) for 15 minutes/day for 7 days from gestational day 15-22 at a measured E-field strength of 14 +/- 0.5 V/m. The authors report slightly elevated oxidative damage in isolated liver tissue as observed by increased malondialdehyde and lipid hydroperoxide levels from both pregnant and non-pregnant dams. Exposed newborn pups had decreased levels of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and no difference in MDA levels. There was no increase in 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine levels in any of the animals which would have indicated increased levels of oxidative DNA base modifications. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Guler et al. 2012 (IEEE #5765): PURPOSE: We aimed to design a prolonged radiofrequency (RF) radiation exposure and investigate in an animal model, possible bio-effects of RF radiation on the ongoing developmental stages of children from conception to childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 72 New Zealand female and male white rabbits aged one month were used. Females were exposed to RF radiation for 15 min/day during 7 days, whereas males were exposed to the same level of radiation for 15 min/day during 14 days. Thirty-six female and 36 male infant rabbits were randomly divided into four groups: Group I [Intrauterine (IU) exposure (-); Extrauterine (EU) exposure (-)]: Sham exposure which means rabbits were exposed to 1800 MHz Global System for Mobile Telecommunication (GSM)-like RF signals neither in the IU nor in the EU periods. Group II [IU exposure (-); EU exposure (+)]: Infant rabbits were exposed to 1800 MHz GSM-like RF signals when they reached one month of age. Group III [IU exposure (+); EU exposure (-)]: Infant rabbits were exposed to 1800 MHz GSM-like RF signals in the IU period (between 15th and 22nd days of the gestational period). Group IV [IU exposure (+); EU exposure (+)]: Infant rabbits were exposed to 1800 MHz GSM-like RF signals both in the IU period (between 15th and 22nd days of the gestational period) and in the EU period when they reached one month of age. Biochemical analysis for lipid peroxidation and DNA damage were carried out in the livers of all rabbits. RESULTS: Lipid peroxidation levels in the liver tissues of female and male infant rabbits increased under RF radiation exposure. Liver 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels of female rabbits exposed to RF radiation were also found to increase when compared with the levels of non-exposed infants. However, there were no changes in liver 8-OHdG levels of male rabbits under RF exposure. CONCLUSION: Consequently, it can be concluded that GSM-like RF radiation may induce biochemical changes by increasing free radical attacks to structural biomolecules in the rabbit as an experimental animal model. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Guler et al. 2010 (IEEE #5770): The concerns of people on possible adverse health effects of radiofrequency radiation (RFR) generated from mobile phones as well as their supporting transmitters (base stations) have increased markedly. RFR effect on oversensitive people, such as pregnant women and their developing fetuses, and older people is another source of concern that should be considered. In this study, oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation levels in the brain tissue of pregnant and non-pregnant New Zealand White rabbits and their newborns exposed to RFR were investigated. Thirteen-month-old rabbits were studied in four groups as non-pregnant-control, non-pregnant-RFR exposed, pregnant-control and pregnant-RFR exposed. They were exposed to RFR (1800 MHz GSM; 14 V/m as reference level) for 15 min/day during 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels were analyzed. MDA and 8-OHdG levels of non-pregnant and pregnant-RFR exposed animals significantly increased with respect to controls (p < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test). No difference was found in the newborns (p > 0.05, Mann-Whitney). There exist very few experimental studies on the effects of RFR during pregnancy. It would be beneficial to increase the number of these studies in order to establish international standards for the protection of pregnant women from RFR. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Sahin et al. 2016 (IEEE #6508): We aimed to evaluate the effect of 2100 MHz radiofrequency radiation emitted by a generator, simulating a 3G-mobile phone on the brain of rats during 10 and 40 days of exposure. The female rats were randomly divided into four groups. Group I; exposed to 3G modulated 2100 MHz RFR signal for 6 h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 2 weeks, group II; control 10 days, were kept in an inactive exposure set-up for 6 h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 2 weeks, group III; exposed to 3G modulated 2100 MHz RFR signal for 6 h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 8 weeks and group IV; control 40 days, were kept in an inactive exposure set-up for 6 h/day, 5 consecutive days/wk for 8 weeks. After the genomic DNA content of brain was extracted, oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-22deoxyguanosine, pg/mL) and malondialdehyde (MDA, nmoL/g tissue) levels were determined. Our main finding was the increased oxidative DNA damage to brain after 10 days of exposure with the decreased oxidative DNA damage following 40 days of exposure compared to their control groups. Besides decreased lipid peroxidation end product, MDA, was observed after 40 days of exposure. The measured decreased quantities of damage during the 40 days of exposure could be the means of adapted and increased DNA repair mechanisms.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey - arintomruk@gmail.com
Funding Agency		?????
Country		TURKEY
References		Tomruk, A et al. Cell Biochem Biophys., (2010) 56:39-47 Guler, G et al. Int J Radiat Biol., (2012) 88:367-373 Guler, G et al. Gen Physiol Biophys., (2010) 29:59-66 Sahin, D et al. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy., (2016) 75 (Part B):94-98 Tomruk, A et al. Electromagn Biol Med., (2022) :- Kucukbagriacik, Y et al. Electromagn Biol Med., (2022) 41:389-401
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