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Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to 850 or 1900 MHz RF for 6 hours per day for 18 weeks at estimated SARs of 1.8 W/kg (AMPS), 0.9 W/kg (GSM 850 MHz) and 1.18 W/kg (GSM 1900 MHz), using mobile phones as exposure devices. The authors report RF exposure resulted in increased expression (via RT-PCR) of mRNA for several injury-associated proteins in the brain, including calcium ATPase, neural cell adhesion molecule, neural growth factor, endothelin, and vascular endothelial growth factor. The authors suggest GSM exposure could cause injury at non-thermal levels that could lead to clincal neurological damage. In a subsequent study with rats exposed as above, the authors report similar increases in expression from buccal and mandibular branches of isolated facial nerves. |