ID Number		1933
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		900, 1800 MHz (GSM) exposure to rats and analysis of cognitive function and oxidative stress.
Details		Wistar rats (n = 12) were exposed to 900 or 1800 MHz (GSM) using a mobile phone hooked to the local network and sending 50 x 1 minute missed calls (with an interval of 15 seconds between each call) for 4 weeks. The authors analyzed 6 of the rats for passive avoidance behavior after 4 weeks and report decreased spatial memory in a Morris water maze. The authors suggest RF exposure affects the rat hippocampus by altering morphology and could be responsible for the observed decrease in performance. In a subsequent paper using the exposure described above, the authors report a significantly shorter entrance latency for passive avoidance behavior as well as morphological changes in the CA(3) region of the hippocampus. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Narayanan et al. 2015 (IEEE #5979): The effects of chronic and repeated radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RFEMR) exposure on spatial cognition and hippocampal architecture were investigated in prepubescent rats. Four weeks old male Wistar rats were exposed to RF-EMR (900 MHz; SAR-1.15 W/kg with peak power density of 146.60 ¼W/cm2) for 1 h/day, for 28 days. Followed by this, spatial cognition was evaluated by Morris water maze test. To evaluate the hippocampal morphology; H&E staining, cresyl violet staining, and Golgi-Cox staining were performed on hippocampal sections. CA3 pyramidal neuron morphology and surviving neuron count (in CA3 region) were studied using H&E and cresyl violet stained sections. Dendritic arborization pattern of CA3 pyramidal neuron was investigated by concentric circle method. Progressive learning abilities were found to be decreased in RF-EMR exposed rats. Memory retention test performed 24 h after the last training revealed minor spatial memory deficit in RF-EMR exposed group. However, RF-EMR exposed rats exhibited poor spatial memory retention when tested 48 h after the final trial. Hirano bodies and Granulovacuolar bodies were absent in the CA3 pyramidal neurons of different groups studied. Nevertheless, RF-EMR exposure affected the viable cell count in dorsal hippocampal CA3 region. RF-EMR exposure influenced dendritic arborization pattern of both apical and basal dendritic trees in RF-EMR exposed rats. Structural changes found in the hippocampus of RF-EMR exposed rats could be one of the possible reasons for altered cognition. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Narayanan et al. 2013 (IEEE #6249): In the current study the modulatory role of mobile phone radio-frequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on emotionality and locomotion was evaluated in adolescent rats. Male albino Wistar rats (6-8 weeks old) were randomly assigned into the following groups having 12 animals in each group. Group I (Control): they remained in the home cage throughout the experimental period. Group II (Sham exposed): they were exposed to mobile phone in switch-off mode for 28 days, and Group III (RF-EMR exposed): they were exposed to RF-EMR (900 MHz) from an active GSM (Global system for mobile communications) mobile phone with a peak power density of 146.60 ¼W/cm(2) for 28 days. On 29th day, the animals were tested for emotionality and locomotion. Elevated plus maze (EPM) test revealed that, percentage of entries into the open arm, percentage of time spent on the open arm and distance travelled on the open arm were significantly reduced in the RF-EMR exposed rats. Rearing frequency and grooming frequency were also decreased in the RF-EMR exposed rats. Defecation boli count during the EPM test was more with the RF-EMR group. No statistically significant difference was found in total distance travelled, total arm entries, percentage of closed arm entries and parallelism index in the RF-EMR exposed rats compared to controls. Results indicate that mobile phone radiation could affect the emotionality of rats without affecting the general locomotion.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Melaka Manipal Medical College, Manipal, India
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		INDIA
References		Kumar, RS et al. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, (2009) 53:283-286 Narayanan, SN et al. Ups J Med Sci., (2010) 115:91-96 Narayanan, SN et al. Clinics, (2009) 64:231-234 Narayanan, SN et al. Metab Brain Dis., (2015) 30:1193-1206 Narayanan, SN et al. Neurol Sci., (2013) 34:1117-1124 Narayanan, SN et al. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int., (2019) 26:306993-30710 Narayanan, SN et al. Bratisl Lek Listy., (2014) 115:260-266
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