ID Number		1868
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		900 MHz (GSM) exposure to rats and analysis of oxidative stress parameters in the brain, testis and other organs.
Details		Wistar rats (n=84) were exposed to 900 MHz (GSM) RF for 4 hr/day for 20, 40, or 60 days using a mobile phone hooked to the local network and placed in a perforated polycarbonate box in the center of the cage. Whole body SAR was estimated at 0.043-0.135 W/kg. Following exposure, brain tissue was analyzed for total protein, oxidative stress (via MDA assay), protein oxidation (via carbonyl group concentration), catalase activity, and uric acid production (as a measure of xanthine oxidase activity). RF exposure was reported to increase oxidative stress and xanthine oxidase activity and decrease catalase activity in brain tissue after 20 days and continued through day 60. Supplimentation with melatonin significantly reversed some of the effects of RF exposure on oxidative stress, although catalase activity remained decreased and carbonyl group concentration. The authors conclude "... mobile phones caused oxidative damage ... and treatment with melatonin significantly prevented oxidative damage in the brain". Subsequent studies reported melatonin also protected thymocytes from oxidative damage from RF exposure. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Djordjevic et al. 2015 (IEEE #5943): OBJECTIVES: We aimed to clarify if melatonin treatment (2 mg/kg i.p.) may favorably impact the liver tissue in rats exposed to microwave radiation. The experiment was performed on 84 six-weeks-old Wistar male rats exposed for 4h a day, for 20, 40 and 60 days, respectively, to microwaves (900 MHz, 100-300 microT, 54-160 V/m). Rats were divided in to four groups: I (control) - rats treated with saline, II (Mel) - rats treated with melatonin, III (MWs) - microwave exposed rats, IV (MWs + Mel) - MWs exposed rats treated with melatonin. We evaluated oxidative stress parameters (malondialdehyde and carbonyl group content), catalase, xanthine oxidase, deoxyribonuclease I and II activity. BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is the key mechanism of the microwave induced tissue injury. Melatonin, a lipophilic indoleamine primarily synthesized and released from the pineal gland is a powerful antioxidant. RESULTS: Exposure to microwaves caused an increase in malondialdehyde after 40 (p < 0.01), protein carbonyl content after 20 (p < 0.05), catalase (p < 0.05) and xantine oxidase activity (p < 0.05) after 40 days. Increase in deoxyribonuclease I activity was observed after 60 days (p < 0.05), while deoxyribonuclease II activity was unaffected. Melatonin treatment led to malondialdehyde decrease after 40 days (p< 0.05), but surprisingly had no effect on other analyzed parameters. CONCLUSION: Melatonin exerts certain antioxidant effects in the liver of rats exposed to microwaves, by diminishing the intensity of lipid peroxidation(Fig. 6, Ref. 32).
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Medical Facility in Nis, Serbia
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		SERBIA
References		Sokolovic, D et al. FEBS J., (2009) 276:223-224 Sokolovic, D et al. J Radiat Res (Tokyo)., (2008) 49:579-586 Djordjevic, B et al. Bratisl Lek Listy., (2015) 116:96-100 Sokolovic, D et al. Adv. Clin. Exp. Med., (2015) 24:429-436
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