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ElectroMagnetic Field Literature
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EMF Study
(Database last updated on Mar 27, 2024)

ID Number 1840
Study Type Literature Review, Letter, Book Chapt., Report
Model ICNIRP Exposure Guidelines (RF + ELF)
Details

ICNIRP Exposure Guidelines (RF + ELF) Static Magnetic Field exposure: occupational acute exposure limits 2 T (same as prior recommendations) for the head and trunk and 8 T (increased from 5 T) for the limbs. The 2 T limit for head and trunk is set to avoid nausea and vertigo. General public acute exposure limits 400 mT for any part of the body (increased from 40 mT - time averaged from prior recommendations). Time-averaging was eliminated from the prior 1998 recommendations based upon evidence (MRI workers, etc) that since all established effects are due to acute exposures. Potential mechanisms of static magnetic fields include magnetic induction (charged particles flow to opposite pole), motion within a static field that induces an electric field (responsible for vertigo, nausea, and phosphenes), magneto-mechanical interactions field gradients exert forces on paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials), and (hypothetically) electron spin interactions that might change the activity or structure of proteins and biological chemicals.

Findings Not Applicable to Bioeffects
Status Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator
Funding Agency ?????
Country UNITED STATES
References
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics, (2004) 87:187-196
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys, (1998) 74:494-522
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics, (2003) 84:383-387
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys, (2008) 94:376-392
  • IEEE ICES Committee, IEEE C95.1 Standard, (2005) :-
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys, (1994) 66:100-106
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys, (1996) 70:587-593
  • ICNIRP, ICRP Publication 66, (1994) :-
  • IRPA (ICNIRP), Health Phys, (1988) 54:115-123
  • IRPA (ICNIRP), Health Phys, (1990) 58:113-121
  • Reilly, JP Health Phys, (2005) 89:71-80
  • ICNIRP, et al. Health Physics, (2009) 96:504-514
  • ICNIRP, et al. Health Phys, (2009) 97:257-258
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  • ICNIRP, et al. Health Phys, (2009) 97:259-261
  • ICNIRP , Health Physics. [See #6729 for Erratum in Health Phys. 2011 Jan;100(1):112] [Health Phys. 2011 Apr;100(4):443; Babo S. Comment on Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields (1 Hz to 100 kHz).] , (2010) 99:818-836
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics., (2017) 112:305-321
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics., (2011) 100:442-(1 page)
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics., (2020) 118:525-532
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics., (2020) 118:483-524
  • van Rongen, E et al. Health Phys., (2020) 118:477-482
  • Ahlbom, A et al. Environ Health Perspect., (2004) 112:1741-1754
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys., (2020) 118:683-685
  • Dimbylow, P Physics in medicine and biology., (2008) 53:133-145
  • ICNIRP, Health physics., (2008) 94:376-392
  • ICNIRP, Health physics., (2004) 87:187-196
  • ICNIRP, Health physics., (2012) 102:81-82
  • ICNIRP, Health Physics., (2022) 122:625-628
  • Wang, H et al. IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine. , (2022) :-
  • Jeschke, P et al. Front Public Health., (2022) 10:875946-
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys., (2020) 82:540-548
  • ICNIRP, Health Phys., (2020) 118:477-428
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