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Cases of brain tumor will be identified from sites within 15 different countries and associations with occupational exposure to RF, ELF, chemicals, and combinations will be assessed. The study will build off of the case database from the Interphone study of mobile phone use by including collected information on occupational exposures. Job exposure matrixes are planned to translate occupation history into exposure information. Specific aims:
1. To evaluate the possible association between the occupational exposure to EMF and tumors of the brain and central nervous system (specifically, glioma and meningioma).
2. To evaluate the possible association between selected occupational chemical exposures and tumors of the brain and central nervous system (specifically, glioma and meningioma).
3. To investigate the possibility of synergism and/or confounding between chemical and EMF exposures on the risk of brain cancers.
Occupational exposure to EMF (both ELF and RF/MW) and selected chemicals will be assessed for all the study subjects using validated job-exposure matrices (JEM), which will be developed within this project. The assessment of EMF exposure will then be refined by consolidating information obtained from the JEM with data on exposure variations related to the specific industry in which a subject worked, to the tasks he or she performed and to the actual sources of exposure, available from the INTERPHONE questionnaire. For chemicals, the JEM based estimates will be compared to estimates derived by occupational hygienists using the more detailed occupational histories in Canada, France, New Zealand and the UK, thereby providing an indication of the validity of the classification. Finally, analyses of the relationship between brain tumor risk and exposure to EMF and to the chemicals of interest will be carried out. Participating sites include IARC, NIOSH, University of Cincinnati, Ohio (USA), George Washington University (USA), Monash University (Australia), INRS Institut Armand Frappier (Canada), University of Montreal (Canada), University Claude Bernard (France), DKFZ Cancer Research Center (Germany), Tel Hashomer (Israel), Center for Public Health Research (New Zealand), Karolinska Institute (Sweden), University of Leeds (UK), University of Manchester (UK). |