ID Number		1811
Study Type		In Vitro
Model		700-100 MHz (CW), 94 GHz exposure to neuronal cells (P19) and analysis of Ca++ spikes
Details		Neuronal (P19) cells were exposed for 60 minutes on a microscope slide coverslip to frequencies between 700 - 1100 MHz (CW) using a frequency tunable exposure system at SARs between 0.5 and 5 W/kg (modeling was reported to show temperature maintained within 0.5 degrees C). At 10-second intervals during exposure, time-lapse images were taken of Ca++ dye fluorescence. RF exposure significantly increased the number of spontaneous Ca++ spikes, especially in differentiated neuronal cells. Optimal frequency for the effect was ~800 MHz, with no significant difference between 0.5 and 5 W/kg. The Ca++ inhibitors Nifedipine and omega-conotoxin suppressed the response, suggesting N-type Ca++ channels and phospholipase C involved in the response. In addition, spikes were significantly reduced at 50 W/kg, which the authors suggest is a transition to thermal effects. In subsequent studies, the authors report 94 GHz millimeter wave exposure resulted in increased Ca++ spikes form N-type calcium channels that seemed to involve phospholipase C and the actin cytoskeleton, and not all the effects could be accounted for by thermal mechanisms.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		University of Illinois - Chicago
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		UNITED STATES
References		Titushkin, IA et al. Radiat Res, (2009) 172:725-736 Rao, VS et al. Radiation Research, (2008) 169:319-329 Sun, S et al. J. Radiat. Res., (2012) 53:159-167
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