ID Number		1712
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		Analysis of oxidative stress, heart rate, ECG and other endpoints in animals exposed to microwaves.
Details		New Zealand Rabbits (n = 16) were exposed to 900 MHz GSM for 30 min/day for 7 days using a mobile phone hooked to the network (estimated average power density of 0.02 mW/cm2) and analyzed for reactive oxidation products. The authors report exposures increased serum SOD activity and decreased serum NO levels, but did not change adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase, catalase, myeloperoxidase, or glutathione peroxidase activity. The authors state the results suggest increased oxidative stress. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Dogan et al. 2011 (#5102): Objective: The effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) produced by a third-generation (3G) mobile phone (MP) on rat brain tissues were investigated in terms of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), biochemistry, and histopathological evaluations. Methods: The rats were randomly assigned to two groups: Group 1 is composed of 3G-EMR-exposed rats (n = 9) and Group 2 is the control group (n = 9). The first group was subjected to EMR for 20 days. The control group was not exposed to EMR. Choline (Cho), creatinin (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels were evaluated by MRS. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) enzyme activities were measured by spectrophotometric method. Histopathological analyses were carried out to evaluate apoptosis in the brain tissues of both groups. Results: In MRS, NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, and NAA/Cho ratios were not significantly different between Groups 1 and 2. Neither the oxidative stress parameters, CAT and GSH-Px, nor the number of apoptotic cells were significantly different between Groups 1 and 2. Conclusions: Usage of short-term 3G MP does not seem to have a harmful effect on rat brain tissue. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Colak et al. 2012 (IEEE #5662): Effects of electromagnetic energy radiated from mobile phones (MPs) on heart is one of the research interests. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) from third-generation (3G) MP on the heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and ECG parameters and also to investigate whether exogenous melatonin can exert any protective effect on these parameters. In this study 36 rats were randomized and evenly categorized into 4 groups: group 1 (3G-EMR exposed); group 2 (3G-EMR exposed + melatonin); group 3 (control) and group 4 (control + melatonin). The rats in groups 1 and 2 were exposed to 3G-specific MP's EMR for 20 days (40 min/day; 20 min active (speech position) and 20 min passive (listening position)). Group 2 was also administered with melatonin for 20 days (5 mg/kg daily during the experimental period). ECG signals were recorded from cannulated carotid artery both before and after the experiment, and BP and HR were calculated on 1st, 3rd and 5th min of recordings. ECG signals were processed and statistically evaluated. In our experience, the obtained results did not show significant differences in the BP, HR and ECG parameters among the groups both before and after the experiment. Melatonin, also, did not exhibit any additional effects, neither beneficial nor hazardous, on the heart hemodynamics of rats. Therefore, the strategy (noncontact) of using a 3G MP could be the reason for ineffectiveness; and use of 3G MP, in this perspective, seems to be safer compared to the ones used in close contact with the head. However, further study is needed for standardization of such an assumption.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Inonu University, Malatya Turkey - mkirmak@yahoo.com
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		TURKEY
References		Irmak, MK et al. Cell Biochem Funct, (2002) 20:279-283 Dogan, M et al. Hum Exp Toxicol., (2012) 31:557-564 Colak, C et al. Toxicol Ind Health., (2012) 28:629-638
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