ID Number		1633
Study Type		In Vivo
Model		Mobile phone (GSM) exposure to rats and analysis of oxidative stress.
Details		Rats were exposed to 834 MHz (GSM) RF and brain tissue analyzed for oxidative damage to lipid and protein using MDA and carbonyl assays, respectively. The authors report no observed effects of exposure on rat brain tissue at any age. In a related study, rat pups exposed during gestation to 834 MHz (GSM) at a calculated SAR of 0.55 - 1.23 W/kg were sacrificed and liver and brain tissue and blood cells were analyzed for micronuclei (as a measure of oxidative activity). The authors also examined SOD, GSH-Px, sulfhydryp content, carbonly content, and lipid oxidative damage as above. The authors report significant increases in erythrocyte MN in exposed pups, but no corresponding increase in markers of oxidative stress. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Furtado-Filho et al. 2013 (IEEE #5286): Purpose: To assess the effect of 950 MHz ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (UHF EMR) on biomarkers of oxidative damage, as well as to verify the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and the expression of the catalase in the livers of rats of different ages. Materials and methods: Twelve rats were equally divided into two groups as controls (CR) and exposed (ER), for each age (0, 6, 15 and 30 days). Radiation exposure lasted half an hour per day for up to 51 days (21 days of gestation and 6, 15 or 30 days of life outside the womb). The specific absorption rate (SAR) ranged from 1.3-1.0 W/kg. The damage to lipids, proteins and DNA was verified by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls and comets, respectively. UFA were determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The expression of catalase was by Western blotting. Results: The neonates had low levels of TBARS and concentrations of UFA after exposure. There was no age difference in the accumulation of protein carbonyls for any age. The DNA damage of ER 15 or 30 days was different. The exposed neonates exhibited lower expression of catalase. Conclusions: 950 MHz UHF EMR does not cause oxidative stress (OS), and it is not genotoxic to the livers of neonates or those of 6 and 15 day old rats, but it changes the concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in neonates. For rats of 30 days, no OS, but it is genotoxic to the livers of ER to total body irradiation. AUTHORS' ABSTRACT: Furtado-Filho et al. 2015 (IEEE #6121): Purpose: To assess the effect of 950 MHz ultra-high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (UHF-EMR) on biomarkers of oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids in the left cerebral cortex (LCC) and right cerebral cortex (RCC) of neonate and 6-day-old rats. Materials and methods: Twelve rats were equally divided into two groups as controls (CR) and exposed (ER), for each age (0 and 6 days). The LCC and RCC were examined in ER and CR after exposure. Radiation exposure lasted 30 min per day for up to 27 days (throughout pregnancy and 6 days postnatal). The specific absorption rate ranged from 1.321.14 W/kg. The damage to lipids, proteins and DNA was verified by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, carbonylated proteins (CP) and comets, respectively. The concentration of glucose in the peripheral blood of the rats was measured by the Accu-Chek Active Kit due to increased CP in RCC. Results: In neonates, no modification of the biomarkers tested was detected. On the other hand, there was an increase in the levels of CP in the RCC of the 6-day-old ER. Interestingly, the concentration of blood glucose was decreased in this group. Conclusions: Our results indicate that there is no genotoxicity and oxidative stress in neonates and 6 days rats. However, the RCC had the highest concentration of CP that do not seem to be a consequence of oxidative stress. This study is the first to demonstrate the use of UHF-EMR causes different damage responses to proteins in the LCC and RCC.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		Univ. Federal do Rio Grande, Porto Alegre, Brazil - arferreira@yahoo.com
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		BRAZIL
References		Ferreira, AR et al. Life Sci., (2006) 80:43-50 Ferreira, AR et al. Bioelectromagnetics, (2006) 27:487-493 Furtado-Filho, OV et al. Int J Radiat Biol., (2014) 90:159-168 Furtado-Filho, OV et al. International Journal of Radiation Biology., (2015) 91:891-897
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