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EMF Study
(Database last updated on Mar 27, 2024)

ID Number 1605
Study Type In Vitro
Model Effects of microwaves and mmwaves on cells in culture (micronucleus formation, sister chromatid exchange, chromosome aberrations, genetic mutations and heat shock protein).
Details

Mouse M5S and CHO-K1 cells were exposed to 2450 MHz (CW) RF at SARs up to 200 W/kg and assessed for micronuclei and related chromosomal damage. The 2003 Mutation Research paper reported exposure for 18 hours at 13, 39, 50, 78, or 100 W/kg (corresponding to various distances from the center of an annular plate under exposure) for 18 hours with or without bleomycin and analyzed for MN using the cytokensis block method. The higher exposure levels (78, 100 W/kg) and heat control (39 degrees for 18 hours) resulted in increased MN formation. 2004 Mutation Research paper also reported exposures of 78 W/kg and higher resulted in MN formation and augmented MN formation in bleomycin treated cells. Again, MN increased in heat treated (39 degree) cells. A paper in The Scientific World (2004) reported MN formation in (CHO)-K1 cells exposed for 2 hr at or above 100 W/kg (no effects at 50 W/kg or below). There was no apparent combined effect between RF exposure and treatment with the positive control bleomycin. Heat treatment (38-42 °C) increased MN in a temperature-dependent manner. In a related 2005 study using non-tumorogenic mouse m5S embryonic skin cells, the authors again exposed to 2450 MHz for 2 hrs using either a CW wave-form (SAR = 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 W/kg) or PW wave-form (avg SAR 100W/kg; pulse peak SAR 900W/kg). The authors report no significant effects of RF exposure with either CW or PW signals at 100 W/kg (avg). In all the studies, positive controls (mitomycin C and X-rays) did increase chromatid- and chromosome-type aberrations. Although attempts were made to control temperature in these studies, the authors admit that significant peak heating effects at higher exposures may have resulted. Another 2006 publication reported no mutagenic effects in CHO-K1 cells at 50 or 100 W/kg, although at 200 W/kg and 44 degrees C effects were reported - the authors concluded these were thermal in nature.

Findings Effects (only at thermal levels)
Status Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator Hirosaki University, Japan - miyskosh@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
Funding Agency MIC, Japan
Country JAPAN
References
  • Koyama, S et al. J Radiat Res (Tokyo), (2007) 48:69-75
  • Komatsubara , Y et al. Mutation Research, (2005) 587:114-119
  • Koyama , S et al. Mutation Research, (2004) 541:81-89
  • Koyama, S et al. Mutation Research, (2003) 541:81-89
  • Koyama , S et al. The Scientific World Journal., (2004) 4(S2) :29-40
  • Koyama, S et al. International journal of environmental research and public health., (2016) 13:793-
  • Koyama, S et al. J. Radiat. Res., (2015) 56:30-36
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