ID Number		1358
Study Type		Plant Studies
Model		Effects of RF exposure [400, 900, 1900 MHz (CW, PW)] on Duckweed and earthworms.
Details		Duckweed (Lemna minor) was exposed to 400, 900, and 1900 MHz (CW, PW) for 2 hours at field strengths up to 390 V/m in a GTEM cell. Growth following exposure at 900 MHz (CW) was significantly decreased at 23 V/m, while similar level of exposure at 400 MHz had no effect. Exposure at 900 MHz (PW) inhibited the growth more than CW exposure, while 400 MHz (PW) still did not influence growth significantly. Longer exposures and higher field strengths generally magnified the effect. In contrast, low level exposures (10 V/m for 14 h) at 400 and 1900 MHz decreased growth while similar exposure at 900 MHz did not. Peroxidase activity in exposed plants varied, depending on the exposure characteristics. Observed changes were mostly small, except in plants exposed for 2 h to 41 V/m at 900 MHz where a significant increase (41%) was found. In other studies exposed as above using 400 and 900 MHz at between 10 - 120 V/m, the authors report germination rate and root length did not change significantly. However 900 MHz exposure at higher field strengths, and both 400 and 900 MHz with modulated signals, was reported to increase the mitotic index (growth rate) as well as mitotic abnormalities and chromosome aberrations increased after all exposure treatments. They also report elevated oxidative stress enzyme levels and lipid peroxidation with exposures. The authors suggest the observations may be due to an RF effect on the mitotic spindle and increased oxidative stress.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed With Publication
Principal Investigator		University of Zagreb, Croatia - mtkalec@zg.biol.pmf.hr
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		CROATIA (local name: Hrvatska)
References		Tkalec, M et al. Mutat Res, (2009) 672:76-81 Tkalec, M et al. Sci Total Environ, (2007) 388:78-89 Tkalec, M Bioelectromagnetics, (2005) 26:185-193 Bourdineaud, JP et al. Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju., (2017) 68:142-152
Comments		No dosimetry, no logical dose response or correlation of effect with RF exposure