ID Number		1076
Study Type		In Vitro
Model		900, 1800 MHz (GSM) exposure to magnetite particles and magnetite-producing bacteria and analysis of growth
Details		M. magnetotacticum (bacteria producing biogenic magnetite) were exposed using either a mobile phone handset transmitting at an undefined power level (hooked-up to the network) or an 1800 MHz waveguide system developed for the REFLEX program in vitro studies at 2 W/kg. Exposure to mobile phone emissions was reported to result in a significantly higher proportion of cell death (p=0.037), although exposure to 1800 MHz at 2 W/kg in the REFLEX waveguide did not result in any effects. In theoretical studies, MW heating of biogenic magnetite particles in human brain tissue by a mobile phone was modeled using a resistive heating eddy current model. Results suggested that local heating of submicron magnetite particles was insignificant in comparison with thermal background effects at maximal phone power output levels and magnetite concentrations. Specific cells (magnetocytes) containing large numbers of biogenic magnetite particles may form complex circuits leading to increased heating, although this would still be insignificant. The presence of unknown quantities of superparamagnetic particles in the circuit, however, might alter the results. In recent studies performed in collaboration with the University of Nottingham, the authors report biogenic magnetite in the nematode C elegans, and suggest that the presence of a ferrimagnetic iron oxide represents a possible confounder in EMF experiments, providing a physically plausible explanation for heat shock protein (HSP) responses with RF.
Findings		Effects
Status		Completed Without Publication
Principal Investigator		Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, UK
Funding Agency		Private/Instit.
Country		SWITZERLAND
References		Cranfield, CG et al. Proc Royal Soc London: B Biological Sciences (2005) 271(Suppl 6):S436-9, (2005) 271(Suppl 6):S436-S439 Cranfield, C et al. IEEE Transaction on NanoBioscience, (2003) 2:40-43 Cranfield, C et al. IEEE Trans NanoBioscience, (2003) 2:146-149 Dobson, J et al. Electro Magnetobiol., (1998) 17:351-359 Dobson, J et al. Proceedings of the 15th International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Zurich, Switzerland, (2003) :-
Comments		No information on dose, power, or even frequency band was supplied for the mobile phone exposure